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asyncpg

asyncpg is a database interface library designed specifically for PostgreSQL and asyncio.

python/asyncpg-basic
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Introduction

asyncpg is an efficient implementation of the PostgreSQL binary protocol for Python’s asyncio. It provides fast queries, native protocol features, and convenient primitives for async I/O.

Setup

ps
uv init asyncpg-basic
cd asyncpg-basic
uv add asyncpg

Create and start a PostgreSQL instance as explained in Basic.

Then create a database named test:

shell
create database test;

Basic Usage

Create test_database.py:

python
import asyncio
import asyncpg
import datetime


async def main():

    # Establish a connection to an existing database named "test"
    conn = await asyncpg.connect("postgresql://postgres:password@localhost/test")

    try:
        # Execute a statement to create a new table.
        await conn.execute(
            """
          create table if not exists users(
            id serial primary key,
            name text unique,
            dob date
        )"""
        )

        # Insert a record into the created table.
        await conn.execute(
            """
            insert into users(name, dob) values($1, $2) on conflict(name) do nothing""",
            "Alice",
            datetime.date(1980, 25, 1),
        )

        # Select a row from the table.
        row = await conn.fetchrow("select * from users where name = $1", "Alice")
        # *row* now contains <Record id=1 name='Alice' dob=datetime.date(1980, 25, 1)>
        print(row)

    finally:
        # Close the connection.
        await conn.close()


asyncio.run(main())

Run the script and you should see:

shell
<Record id=1 name='Alice' dob=datetime.date(1980, 1, 25)>

Notes on parameters and DB-API

  • asyncpg uses PostgreSQL’s native parameter placeholders: $1, $2, …
  • asyncpg does not implement PEP 249 (DB-API 2.0). It favors PostgreSQL’s native parameterization and avoids query rewriting.

Test

Further reading